Roe Through the Chain of Command Essay Example for Free

Roe Through the Chain of Command Essay President Johnson implemented the Rules of Engagement (ROE) during the war in Vietnam, particularly Southeast Asia. His intention for this set of rules was a means of control. The ROE dictated who (of the enemy) and where the American troops were allowed to attack, even if they were clearly within enemy reach. This set of rules benefited the hierarchy in the Chain of Command, but had a much less desirable effect on those who actually carried out the rules. This paper will explore the ROE and how it affected the military through the Chain of Command. Soldiers were limited in their ability to defend. The ROE paralyzed them from shooting even when they were shot at because the rules stated they must be certain their target is the enemy and not terrified civilians. They were only allowed to attack other soldiers and/or those dressed in combat gear with weapons (Moss, 2010). This negatively impacted the soldiers’ will to fight because they felt the ROE were not in place to protect them but to enforce political policy. Their requests were ignored. When in combat, the ROE forced the soldiers to keep their safety and preservation of their lives secondary while continuing to follow rules set forth by commanders on safe grounds (Moss, 2010). Battalion commanders are responsible for their battalion (300-1,000 soldiers) and the commands they are to execute during battle (United states army, para. 1). The Battalion commanders had the responsibility to directly enforce the ROE to the soldiers of the battalion. If the soldiers did not follow commands correctly or effectively, the Battalion commanders must answer to the Commander in Chief and suffer the consequences if any. The ROE limited the commanders from utilizing their sophisticated weaponry and equipment to its fullest capability. The Division commanders were considered experts in the military. However, their expertise was disregarded and ignored by the President. The Division commander would instruct and guide their soldiers to carry out well planned attack strategies but were often overridden by those higher up in command based on the ROE. What made sense to the Division commander was secondary to the restrictions of the ROE. The commanders were able to increase and add to the ROE but they were not allowed to reduce the rules or bend the rules in any way (Moss, 2010). The Division Commander was faced with great difficulty of knowing the enemy was at an advantage due to the ROE because their goal was to defeat the enemy. It seems the ROE had a different goal. In 1967, Gen William Westmoreland initiated his war of attrition in hopes of victory. Westmoreland requested 2000,000 additional troops to expand the military against the VC/NVA forces, among other requests. President Johnson denied these requests. President Johnson only approved 55,000 additional troops (moss, 2010, p. 216). General Westmoreland was one of the commanders whose expertise was ignored and overridden by President Johnson and Secretary McNamara. He was forced to give Americans false information on the US status of the war; this was demeaning to his professionalism. The department of Defense was responsible for informing Vietnam troops of ROE’s implementations and changes. Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara delegated to the Joint Chief of Staff to provide the commanders with the rules. Debates were held when changes to the ROE occurred and Secretary McNamara was often the mediator who settled those debates. Again, during these debates, military advise from experts was often ignored (Drake, 1992 p. 9). It became apparent that the purpose of the ROE was to continue protecting decision makers President Johnson and Secretary McNamara. President Lyndon Johnson initiated the ROE’s in avoidance of the Soviet Union and China interferences. The ROE’s restricted the military commanders and â€Å"†¦played a major part in the failure of U.  S air power in this singular black mark on the record of American military aviation† (Dorschel, 1995, para. 1). President Johnson was hopeful that the ROE would be effective in controlling the temperament of the war. He was also using this limited war tactic to win votes during the 1964 elections. â€Å"The new president (Johnson) also feared that the injection of U. S. combat forces into the Vietnam War would provoke adverse reactions throughout the world and trigger uprisings of domestic opposition that could stifle his domestic reform program and cost him the 1964 presidential election (Moss, 2010 p. 122). President Johnson was convinced the military commanders were more concerned with spending and he did not consider their expertise and professional input when decisions were made during combat. â€Å"The president and his advisors often disregarded the advice of military experts, believing that: Generals know only two words: spend and bomb (Dorschel, 1995, para. 12). † It is apparent that the Rules of Engagement was used as a political tool to secure positions in office of President Johnson and General Westmoreland with disregard of preserving the integrity of soldiers, pilots, and commanders. The training nd skills of the troops were not appreciated and were completely negated by via the ROE. â€Å"Crews were forced to fly in predictable ways, fly the same routes over and over, and operate in ways that went against their training and experience. The continuous changes to the rules and the complexity of them made learning and remembering them a difficult task and the predictable nature of the campaign and the protected areas in North Vietnam caused heavy American losses. It was all but impossible to inflict the kind of damage necessary to achieve the stated goals of the offensive (Dorschel, 1995, para. 25).

Anti-semitism In The Merchant Of Venice :: Free Merchant of Venice Essays

Anti-Semitism in The Merchant of Venice It is my strong belief that the play, "The Merchant of Venice", should be taught in classes. If this play was banned from schools it would most certainly be a form of censorship. While minors rights are somewhat limited when it comes to this right, I think that even Minors should not be censored from this writing. The play teaches us about prejudice, and why it is wrong. People would see how everyone was hurt at one time or another by a prejudice, whether it was the Christians making fun of Shylock or Shylock showing his prejudice to the Christian's. I imagine that anyone watching, listening or reading this play would see how everyone was hurt, and would learn of racism's faulty basis's for judging someone. Some people would have you think that the play itself is racist, and provides a forum in which racism can grow and become only a bigger problem. I think that this is a flawed way of looking at it. I see the play as a confrontation of a modern day problem which society still faces. Rather than providing a forum for racism to grow, the play provides a forum for anti-racism discussion, if all proper steps are taken. When I say if all proper steps are taken, I am referring to having this play taught by a teacher, who can explain the plays meaning in it's fullest so that the students do not miss any important points from it. Another point that may have been missed when the presentation was made to the school board to ban the material from being taught inside the school system was that everyone is bad in the play. The Christians portrayal was just as bad as the Jewish man, Shylock's portrayal. In fact I think that the play gave a worse portrayal of the Christian's because they ended up being the most evil, through taking away everything that Shylock had and making him become Christian. While Shylock did want to kill someone, the punishment invoked on him was even worse. As you can see, there are many reasons why "The Merchant of Venice" should be taught in classrooms. A. Whitney Griswold said in a speech (1952), "Books won't stay banned. They won't burn. Ideas won't go to jail. In the long run of history, the censor and the inquisitor have always lost.

Beautiful Beach

The school holidays has finally arrived, my parent's have decided to bring me and my little brother, Shepherd to go on a vacation at (Beach name). We have already planned this trip a few months ago and have done all our preparations. We were very excited to go on this trip because we have not went on a family trip since I was 12. We have brought foods such as rice, chicken, snacks, and drinks like Coke or Juice. We also brought some equipment to prepare the foods. I would never forget my fishing rod, because there is a good area for fishing.We left our house at 2 in the afternoon ND the Journey to the beach took approximately an hour , therefore we arrived at the beach at 3:00 P. M. It was very fun on the way to the beach. My brother and I looked out the window and check out the villages and the view there during the Journey. I would request to stop for a while to take some pictures of a beautiful view. We enjoyed looking at the traditional houses, green farms, and a river connecting to the sea. A village close to the beach sells fresh seafood. My mother stopped by there to buy some fresh seafood there such as shrimp, crab, and fishes to prepare our early dinner at the each.Upon our arrival, we looked for good spots at the beach, because it would be very crowded on weekends or holidays. We selected a cool place under the trees, and extended a mat on the white sand. The wind that blew through the trees softly made the weather cool and pleasant. Peace came into my heart when I looked at the very beautiful long white sand. People were playing all sort of games on the beach; for instance they played volleyball. Some of them swam in the shallow sea. There were some kids that were trying to build a sand castle. Everybody looked happy at that time.

Woodstock 1969 - 1388 Words

Many large concerts have occurred in the United States, but none have been as symbolic as the three-day music and art fest that touted the slogans of peace and love. This event was identified as such as a result of the peace movement and the emergence of the flower children. Woodstock Music Festival took place near Woodstock New York on August 15, 16, and 17, 1969, and became a symbol of the 1960s American counterculture. Woodstock began with the following four partners: Michael Lang, the manager of a rock band, Artie Kronfeld, an executive at Capitol Records, and two capitalists, John Roberts and Joel Rosenman who supplied most of the money and the original idea. Their original plan was to build a recording studio in Woodstock, a small†¦show more content†¦Ironically this helicopter saved Woodstock or the show might not have gone on. So the U.S. army saved the day for a crowd of people who were mostly anti-war. On Saturday the only non-drug related death of the event occurred. There was a tractor pulling a tank trailer to pull the sewage from the portable toilets away. The grounds looked like a trash can by now with cellophane, sleeping bags, and cigarette butts littering the ground, but under this mass slept a 17-year-old Raymond Mizak. The tractor slowly ran over him. He died in his sleep. Also on Saturday two army jet planes flew over Bethel and broke the sound barrier. Conspiracies raged within the Woodstock Festival that the government was trying to disrupt their gathering or that they were all on the biggest drug experience of their lives. On Sunday one of two births happened. A bearded hippie drove a motorcycle that roared up to the El Monaco Hotel. On the back was a woman screaming that she was having a baby. Resort owner Elliott Tiber raced in. The theory used to determine that Elliott Tiber was the one to deliver the baby was the fact that he was the only one not stoned. On Monday morning it ended with the finale with Jimi Hendrix’s rendition of the Star-Spangled Banner. That moment is has gone down in Rock ‘n’ Roll history as one of the greatest moments ever. On Monday afternoon the makers of Woodstock were listening to a different kind of music. They were in a 1.3 million dollars debt. In the hurry toShow MoreRelatedThe Woodstock Music Festival in 1969887 Words   |  4 PagesWoodstock 1969 In August of 1969 at Bethel,New York, Woodstock was born. The three day festival was full of music,art,peace,love and crazy dancing. Woodstock was one of the most historic events of the 60s. Woodstock was a large event in the 1960’s that had both positive and negative events. At the festival many musicians that we call legends today performed at this festival and the ones who turned it down not knowing how big it was going to turn out sooner regretted it. The festival became so popularRead More Woodstock 1969 Essay1298 Words   |  6 Pages Woodstock ‘69 Many large concerts occurred throughout America in the summer of 1969, but none were as well known and symbolic as Woodstock. Its message was clear; three days of Peace and Music. Its impact on America’s culture and society as well as its youth will not be forgotten for many years to come. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Four men named Michael Lang, Artie Kornfield, John Roberts, and Joel Rosenman originally established Woodstock. The men’s initial idea for the festival was to promoteRead MoreEssay about Woodstock 19691075 Words   |  5 Pages The Woodstock of 1969 was a revolution in itself and responsible for redefining the point of view, respect, and attitude of the so-called quot;counter-culturedquot; youth of the late sixties. The attendants of the festival were youths from around the United States in ages ranging from 17 to 26. The overall mood of the festival was very relaxed and happy. Although there was a minimal amount of violence at Woodstock, there were financial problems, drugs, nudity, and traffic jams that seemedRead MoreA Brief History Of Rock And Roll And The Woodstock Music Festival Of 19691382 Words   |  6 PagesA Brief History of Rock and Roll and The Woodstock Music Festival of 1969 Throughout history, major social transformations have taken place that has changed how people perceive themselves and the world around them. With each social reformation, cultural forms and institutions also change as well as their meanings. For Example, the development of recording and electronic communication within United States capitalism spurred the unique coming together of music traditions in twentieth century UnitedRead MoreEssay on Music in the Sixties1140 Words   |  5 Pagesfor these people to express the way they felt, as well as join with others who had similar ideas and feelings. The majority of the information that I found on this website was about Woodstock. Woodstock was a huge music and art fair that lasted 3 days in the summer of 1969. The site tells who sponsored Woodstock, what different people’s opinions were on the purpose of the festival, and what occurred over the course of the planning and duration of the concert. The promoters wanted to link the themeRead MoreHow 1960s Has Impacted And Influenced Today s Society1396 Words   |  6 Pagesabout today’s music not being like â€Å"the good old days,† they fail to realize it is basically the same thing but presented in a different format. Hippies also took great influence from sixties music. In 1969, more than a hundred thousand Americans gathered in the state of New York to attend the Woodstock Music Festival. Musicians and bands such as The Who, Joan Baez, Jefferson Airplane, and Jimi Hendrix played at this festival with songs that expressed the theme of being free and doing whatever theyRead More Woodstock Essays916 Words   |  4 Pages Woodstock 1969 The Sixties were an exciting revolutionary period with great cultural change. Some people called it the â€Å"decade of discontent† (Britannica) due to the race riots in Detroit and La, and the demonstrations against the Vietnam War. Other people called it the decade of â€Å"peace, love, and harmony† (Woodstock 69). This decade was identified as such as a result of the peace movement and the emergence of the flower children. (Britannica) The sixties were about assassination, unforgettableRead MoreMy Library : Daytona State Collegegale Database2298 Words   |  10 PagesLater Woodstock defined the Sixties; now marketers are lining up to catch the glow of Woodstock II. John Roberts has to laugh a little. The tangled marketing plans for the 20th anniversary of the 1969 rock festival in upstate New York--the event that epitomized the Sixties Generation in one fell, muddy swoop--have become, well, embarrassingly corporate. Roberts, one of the original promoters of the rock festival, has been locked in a long-simmering feud with the license-holder of the Woodstock nameRead MoreWoodstock Research Paper1800 Words   |  8 Pages8 Apr 2011 Woodstock: Peace, Music, and Memories In the summer of 1969, a music festival known as â€Å"Woodstock† took place for three straight days in Upstate, New York with thirty-two musical acts playing, and over 400,000 people from around the world coming to join this musical and peaceful movement. Woodstock started out being a small concert, created to promote peace in the world. Now, Woodstock is still being celebrated over 40 years later. This three day music festival represented the perfectRead More Woodstock Essay2226 Words   |  9 Pageswill never be reproduced againquot; (Tiber 1). It also closed the New York State Thruway and created one of the nations worst traffic jams (Tiber 1). Woodstock, with its rocky beginnings, epitomized the culture of that era through music, drug use, and the thousands of hippies who attended, leaving behind a legacy for future generations. Woodstock was the hair brained idea of four men that met each other completely at random. It was the countercultures biggest bash, which ultimately cost over $2